Acestrorhamphidae

Buenos Aires Tetra

Psalidodon anisitsi

Psalidodon anisitsi, known as the Diamond Tetra, belongs to the Acestrorhamphidae family. This fish has long been popular among aquarists worldwide due to its attractive appearance and undemanding nature. Its only drawback might be its frequent habit of nibbling on aquarium plants, without waiting for feeding time.

Tank
from 81 L (21 gal), 100 L (26 gal) recommended
Temperature
18 – 28 °C (64 – 82 °F)
Size in aquarium
5 – 7 cm (2 – 2.8 in)
Acidity
pH 6–8
Natural rangeRange on the map
  • La Plata Basin
  • Argentina
  • Brazil
  • Paraguay
  • Uruguay

Tank conditions

Plan the tank stocking
Temperature
18 – 28 °C (64 – 82 °F)
Water pH
Slightly acidic (6) – Slightly alkaline (8)
Water dH
Very soft (2) – Very hard (30)
Water salinity
no salt (freshwater)
Size in aquarium
5 – 7 cm (2 – 2.8 in)
Lifespan
5 years
Temperament
Peaceful, but may bite fins
Toward small fish
not a predator
Required aquarium volume
from 81 L (21 gal), 100 L (26 gal) recommended
Lighting
moderate (regular)
Substrate
any (no restrictions)
Water flow
weak or moderate
Feeding
Mixed diet meat + plant-based
Keeping
Schooling usually from 5–6 individuals and more
  • Lifespan. A lifespan to expect under good care, not a measured value: it depends heavily on tank volume, water quality and diet — and for selectively bred forms, on their origin as well.
  • Toward small fish. Based on the Predators category in the catalog or the temperament in the species parameters. “A risk to small fish” means the species is not a predator by habit, yet will swallow any fish that fits in its mouth.
  • Required aquarium volume. The 81 L minimum corresponds to a tank footprint of 90×30 см. The recommended 100 L is for the group size given under keeping mode.

Care and keeping

Description

The fish's body shape is classic, well-known from illustrations in biology textbooks. Its coloration is predominantly silvery, with a darker shade on the back. The pelvic, anal, and caudal fins are a rich red, sometimes scarlet, and the dorsal fin may also have a reddish tint. A distinctive feature of this fish is a dark, diamond-shaped spot located on the caudal peduncle. Males are distinguished by more intense fin coloration, which sometimes takes on a yellowish hue. Females are generally larger and have a rounder abdomen.

Habitat

In 1907, ichthyologist Carl Eigenmann first described this species while studying tropical freshwater fish in the La Plata region, which includes modern-day Argentina, Paraguay, and Brazil. The Diamond Tetra inhabits diverse biotopes such as small streams, rivers, lakes, and ponds. Its natural diet consists of worms, crustaceans, insects, and plant matter.

Behavior and Compatibility

It is recommended to keep these fish in groups of at least 8–10 individuals. They get along well with other active species that can tolerate their lively behavior. It is important to ensure timely and sufficient feeding to avoid hunger, otherwise, the Tetras may start nipping the fins of their tank mates.

Care and Maintenance

The exceptional hardiness of the Diamond Tetra allows it to adapt to a wide range of pH and dGH values. Standard aquarium equipment, including a filter, air pump, heater, and lighting fixtures, is sufficient for its keeping. Aquarium decoration also presents no difficulty: any substrate can be used, decorated with stones, driftwood, and other ornaments. It is advisable to choose artificial plants, as live ones will be perceived by the fish as food.

Diet

The Diamond Tetra readily accepts all types of food: dry commercial foods, live, frozen, and plant-based. To maintain the vibrancy of its coloration, it is important to include meaty components in its diet, such as bloodworms and daphnia, as well as vegetable supplements, for example, finely chopped lettuce or spinach leaves.

Breeding and Reproduction

Breeding these fish is not particularly difficult. For guaranteed results, it is recommended to keep 6 males and 6 females together, and it is advisable to set up a separate breeding tank for spawning. A 20–30 L tank will be perfectly suitable. Necessary equipment includes a simple mechanical filter with an air stone, which will provide aeration and quality water purification, as well as a heater and lighting fixtures. Optimal water parameters for spawning are slightly acidic, soft water, with a temperature of 23–25°C. The presence of both rooted and floating plants is important. Before spawning, the temperature in the main tank should be set to 23–25°C, and the fish should be actively fed meaty foods for a week or more. As soon as you notice that the female's (or females') abdomen has significantly rounded, this will be the signal to transfer the pair to the breeding tank. The female lays her eggs on plants, and the male, in turn, fertilizes them. After spawning, the adult fish are returned to the community tank. Fry hatch after 24–36 hours, and after 4 days, they begin to actively swim throughout the tank. They should be fed micro-foods.

Diseases

These fish are quite hardy, and disease outbreaks are extremely rare, mainly occurring through contact with infected individuals.

How to choose

When selecting individuals, attention should be paid to their activity and skin condition. A healthy fish should show curiosity, swim in the water column, and have no visible damage, ulcers, or white film on its scales. Avoid specimens with severely clamped fins, signs of emaciation, or unnatural behavior, such as constantly hovering near the surface or attempting to stay away from the school. — Assess the cleanliness of the aquarium in the store: the presence of sick fish in neighboring tanks increases the risk of infection. — Check the integrity of the fins, as this species is prone to intraspecific conflicts and fin-nipping when stressed or lacking space. — Purchase a group of 8–10 individuals at once to reduce aggression levels and ensure the fish's comfortable social adaptation in the new aquarium.

Compatibility

There are no pair reviews for this species yet — check tankmates in the matcher.

All tankmates

Plants and this fish

Matching water does not mean the plant will stay intact.

Frequently asked questions

The essentials: size, tank volume, water parameters and care

How big does Buenos Aires Tetra get?

An adult reaches 5–7 cm in length. Plan the tank around the maximum size: the fish quickly outgrows a cramped setup.

What size aquarium does Buenos Aires Tetra need?

The recommended volume is 100 L. A smaller tank speeds up nitrate build-up and raises stress levels.

What water parameters does Buenos Aires Tetra need?

Temperature 18–28 °C, pH 6–8, hardness 2–30 dGH. Stability matters more than exact values: sudden swings are harder on the fish than a small deviation from the ideal.

How long does Buenos Aires Tetra live?

Around 5 years when kept properly. Lifespan depends directly on tank volume, water quality and a varied diet.

Is Buenos Aires Tetra aggressive?

Temperament: peaceful, but may bite fins. Keep this in mind when choosing tank mates.

How many Buenos Aires Tetra should be kept together?

Recommended setup: schooling (usually from 5–6 individuals and more). Ignoring this is a common cause of stress and disease.

What does Buenos Aires Tetra eat?

Diet type: mixed diet (meat + plant-based). Feed small portions that are finished within a couple of minutes — overfeeding does more harm than underfeeding.

What is the scientific name of Buenos Aires Tetra?

The scientific name of the species is Psalidodon anisitsi, family Acestrorhamphidae. It also appears in the literature as: Hemigrammus anisitsi, Hemigrammus caudovittatus, Hyphessobrycon erythrurus.

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Matched by family, categories and overlapping keeping conditions

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Other scientific names and conservation status

Other scientific names
Hemigrammus anisitsi, Hemigrammus caudovittatus, Hyphessobrycon erythrurus, Psalidodon anisitsi
Psalidodon anisitsi
formerly Hyphessobrycon anisitsi
Categories
Characins
Conservation status
Least concernLC