Acestrorhamphidae

Albino Pristella

Pristella maxillaris

The albino pristella, also known as the transparent tetra albino and scientifically classified as Pristella maxillaris, belongs to the family Acestrorhamphidae. This species is among the most widespread and accessible tetras in the hobby. Thanks to its ease of care, peaceful temperament, simple breeding, and low cost, it suits beginning aquarists well.

Tank
from 54 L (14 gal), 60 L (16 gal) recommended
Temperature
22 – 28 °C (72 – 82 °F)
Size in aquarium
4 – 4.5 cm (1.6 – 1.8 in)
Acidity
pH 6–7.5
Natural rangeRange on the map
  • Brazil
  • French Guiana
  • Guyana
  • Suriname
  • Venezuela

Tank conditions

Plan the tank stocking
Temperature
22 – 28 °C (72 – 82 °F)
Water pH
Slightly acidic (6) – Neutral (7.5)
Water dH
Very soft (2) – Very hard (20)
Water salinity
no salt (freshwater)
Size in aquarium
4 – 4.5 cm (1.6 – 1.8 in)
Lifespan
5 years
Temperament
Peaceful (regular)
Toward small fish
not a predator
Required aquarium volume
from 54 L (14 gal), 60 L (16 gal) recommended
Lighting
dimmed
Substrate
any (no restrictions)
Water flow
weak or moderate
Swimming level
near the bottom
Feeding
Any (universal)
Keeping
Group (8–10 individuals)
Jumping
low
  • Lifespan. A lifespan to expect under good care, not a measured value: it depends heavily on tank volume, water quality and diet — and for selectively bred forms, on their origin as well.
  • Toward small fish. Based on the Predators category in the catalog or the temperament in the species parameters. “A risk to small fish” means the species is not a predator by habit, yet will swallow any fish that fits in its mouth.
  • Required aquarium volume. The 54 L minimum corresponds to a tank footprint of 60×30 см. The recommended 60 L is for the group size given under keeping mode.

Care and keeping

Description

Adult albino pristella reach about 4.5 cm in length. Their bodies are semi-transparent, allowing you to see the skeleton and some internal organs through the skin. Sexual dimorphism is weak in this species; males and females are difficult to tell apart. It is essentially the albino form of the regular transparent tetra.

Habitat

Its natural habitat lies in coastal waters and river systems of Venezuela, Guyana, Suriname, French Guiana, and northern Brazil. During the rainy season, the fish move into flooded sections of river floodplains, including savannas and forest canopy, to spawn. Nowadays, wild-caught specimens are almost never seen in the trade. Because of their popularity, these fish are mass-bred commercially on fish farms in Eastern Europe and the Far East.

Behavior and Compatibility

These fish are peaceful, calm, and prefer to live in schools, so they should be kept in groups of at least 6–10 individuals. They tolerate poorly those tank mates that are noisy or overly active. They get along well with other South American species such as small tetras, catfish, Pencilfishes, hatchetfish, rasboras, and livebearers.

Care and Maintenance

This species is undemanding and hardy, adapting well to diverse water conditions. There are no special requirements for tank design; decoration depends on the keeper's taste and budget, or the needs of other inhabitants. The albino pristella adapts successfully to a wide range of pH and dGH values, but several points are important when setting up the tank: provide dimmed lighting and use dark substrate. Tank care includes regular removal of organic debris from the substrate (such as uneaten food and waste) and weekly partial water changes of 15–20% of the total volume.

Diet

The albino pristella diet may include all common types of food: dry, frozen, and live. The fish shows no special feeding requirements and does well on a diet of flakes and granules. When choosing foods, it is best to prefer products from reputable manufacturers.

Breeding and Reproduction

Fry may appear even in a community tank, but their numbers will be very few and will decrease daily unless they are promptly moved to a separate container. To increase the chances of the fry surviving and make breeding systematic, avoiding random spawning, a breeding tank is recommended. Place adult fish in it during the spawning season. A small tank of about 20 litres usually works well. Decoration can be arbitrary, with the main focus on substrate choice. To protect the eggs from being eaten, line the bottom with fine mesh, or use fine-leaved plants and mosses such as java moss. Alternatively, place a layer of glass beads at least 1 cm in diameter. Lighting should be dimmed, and a heater and simple air-lift filter are sufficient. To trigger the spawning period, gradually change the water parameters in the main tank to pH 5.5–6.5, dH 2–8, at a temperature around 26–28°C. The diet during this time should consist mainly of frozen or live foods. Watch the fish carefully; soon you will notice that some have noticeably rounded bellies—these are females filled with eggs. Prepare and fill the breeding tank with water from the main tank. First place the females there, and the next day add a pair of the brightest, largest males. Then wait for spawning; you can tell it has finished by the appearance of the females, which will look noticeably thinner, and by visible eggs among the plants or under the fine mesh. After spawning, return the adults to the main tank. Fry will hatch within 24–48 hours, and after another 3–4 days they will start to swim freely and actively search for food. Feed them specialized microfood.

Diseases

The best way to keep fish healthy from any disease is to maintain a balanced aquarium ecosystem with optimal conditions. Therefore, if you notice changes in the fish's behaviour, colour, unusual spots, or other symptoms, first check the water parameters, and only then begin treatment.

How to choose

When selecting albino pristella, choose individuals with clean, even colouration and no signs of damaged fins or scales. A healthy fish should be active, stay with its school, and react quickly to stimuli. Avoid fish with sunken bellies, white coating on the body, or an unnaturally swollen belly, as these may indicate parasites or bacterial infection. In the store, pay attention to the conditions: the water should be clear and odourless, and neighbouring fish should look healthy. Since pristella are schooling fish, it is recommended to buy a group of 6 or more individuals at once to reduce stress during adaptation to the new tank.

Compatibility

There are no pair reviews for this species yet — check tankmates in the matcher.

All tankmates

Plants and this fish

Matching water does not mean the plant will stay intact.

Forms of this species

The same fish in another colour: care, water and size are identical.

Frequently asked questions

The essentials: size, tank volume, water parameters and care

How big does Albino Pristella get?

An adult reaches 4–4.5 cm in length. Plan the tank around the maximum size: the fish quickly outgrows a cramped setup.

What size aquarium does Albino Pristella need?

The recommended volume is 60 L. A smaller tank speeds up nitrate build-up and raises stress levels.

What water parameters does Albino Pristella need?

Temperature 22–28 °C, pH 6–7.5, hardness 2–20 dGH. Stability matters more than exact values: sudden swings are harder on the fish than a small deviation from the ideal.

How long does Albino Pristella live?

Around 5 years when kept properly. Lifespan depends directly on tank volume, water quality and a varied diet.

Is Albino Pristella aggressive?

Temperament: peaceful (regular). Keep this in mind when choosing tank mates.

How many Albino Pristella should be kept together?

Recommended setup: group (8–10 individuals). Ignoring this is a common cause of stress and disease.

What does Albino Pristella eat?

Diet type: any (universal). Feed small portions that are finished within a couple of minutes — overfeeding does more harm than underfeeding.

What is the scientific name of Albino Pristella?

The scientific name of the species is Pristella maxillaris, family Acestrorhamphidae. It also appears in the literature as: Aphyocarax maxillaris, Aphyocharax maxillaris, Holopristes riddlei.

Similar fishes

Matched by family, categories and overlapping keeping conditions

Pristella Tetra

Pristella Tetra

Pristella maxillaris

Acestrorhamphidae

The Pristella Tetra, also known as the X-ray Tetra or Golden Pristella Tetra (scientific name Pristella maxillaris), belongs to the family Acestrorhamphidae. A distinguishing feature of this fish is its remarkable…

Pulcher

Pulcher

Holopristis pulchra

Acestrorhamphidae

The Pulcher fish, also known by its scientific name Holopristis pulchra, belongs to the Acestrorhamphidae family. Despite its rather narrow natural habitat, it has gained popularity among aquarists worldwide due to its…

Golden Tetra

Golden Tetra

Hemigrammus rodwayi

Acestrorhamphidae

The Golden Tetra, scientifically known as Hemigrammus rodwayi, belongs to the Acestrorhamphidae family. This fish gets its name from its bright golden scales. In reality, this "gilded" effect is due to the presence of…

Lemon Tetra

Lemon Tetra

Hyphessobrycon pulchripinnis

Acestrorhamphidae

The Lemon Tetra, or Hyphessobrycon pulchripinnis, is a representative of the Acestrorhamphidae family. This fish attracts attention with both its appearance and behavior. Its coloration, ranging from yellow to lemon,…

Other scientific names and conservation status

Other scientific names
Aphyocarax maxillaris, Aphyocharax maxillaris, Holopristes riddlei, Holopristis riddlei, Pristella riddlei
Conservation status
Least concernLC