Cyprinids (Cyprinidae)

African barb

Enteromius pobeguini

The fish known as the African barb (scientific name Enteromius pobeguini) was previously classified as Puntius pleurops. It is a member of the carp family (Cyprinidae) and originates from the equatorial regions of West Africa. It can be found virtually everywhere in most river systems of this region.

Tank
from 100 L (26 gal)
Temperature
24 – 28 °C (75 – 82 °F)
Size in aquarium
5 cm (2 in)
Acidity
pH 6.5–7.5
Natural rangeRange on the map
  • West Africa area
  • Equatorial Africa area
  • Burkina Faso
  • Côte d'Ivoire
  • Gambia
  • Ghana
  • Guinea
  • Guinea-Bissau
  • Mali
  • Mauritania
  • Niger
  • Nigeria
  • Senegal

Tank conditions

Plan the tank stocking
Temperature
24 – 28 °C (75 – 82 °F)
Water pH
Neutral (6.5) – Neutral (7.5)
Water dH
Soft (5) – Hard (15)
Water salinity
no salt (freshwater)
Size in aquarium
5 cm (2 in)
Lifespan
3 years
Temperament
Peaceful, calm/shy/inactive
Toward small fish
not a predator
Required aquarium volume
from 100 L (26 gal)
Lighting
dimmed or moderate
Substrate
soft silted
Water flow
weak or moderate
Feeding
Sinking (any)
Keeping
Medium group 6–8 individuals
  • Lifespan. A lifespan to expect under good care, not a measured value: it depends heavily on tank volume, water quality and diet — and for selectively bred forms, on their origin as well.
  • Toward small fish. Based on the Predators category in the catalog or the temperament in the species parameters. “A risk to small fish” means the species is not a predator by habit, yet will swallow any fish that fits in its mouth.
  • Required aquarium volume. This is a husbandry recommendation, not a measured value: the volume depends on the keeping mode (medium group (6–8 individuals)), footprint, decor and tank mates.

Care and keeping

Description

An adult barb typically reaches a length of approximately 5 cm. Its coloration is quite subdued: the body is grey, and the fins appear translucent. A characteristic pattern includes a thin black stripe that starts from the center of the body and continues to the tail, ending in a small spot. Additionally, a dark speckle is noticeable on the dorsal fin. Overall, it is a calm and inconspicuous fish.

Habitat

The African barb inhabits the equatorial part of West Africa. It is found in many river systems of the region, populating diverse biotopes – from mountain streams to swampy areas. In nature, the species adapts to a wide range of conditions, preferring places with cover and a soft substrate.

Behavior and Compatibility

This is a peaceful schooling fish that coexists well with its own kind and with other non-aggressive species of comparable size. Its unpretentiousness to environmental conditions significantly expands the circle of potential tank mates.

Care and Maintenance

Thanks to its extensive natural range, which covers many biotopes – from mountain streams to swamps, the African barb demonstrates excellent adaptability to significant fluctuations in water hydrochemical parameters. This feature significantly simplifies the tasks of water preparation in the aquarium. The fish is also not demanding regarding aquascape style, but if kept with larger species, it is recommended to provide shelters made of driftwood and dense plant thickets. Since the barb likes to rummage in the substrate, it is advisable to arrange a soft substrate. Otherwise, the choice of decorations remains at the discretion of the aquarist, based on their preferences and capabilities. Keeping barbs is not difficult and includes standard care: weekly partial water changes with fresh water, cleaning of organic waste, and maintenance of aquarium equipment.

Diet

African barbs spend most of their time near the bottom, so when choosing food, preference should be given to products that quickly sink to the bottom.

Breeding and Reproduction

The African barb reproduces by spawning. Spawning can occur both in pairs and in groups, for which a separate aquarium with a bottom area of at least 50 by 50 cm is required, equipped with a separator mesh at the bottom to protect the eggs. The optimal water temperature to stimulate spawning is about 25°C. During spawning, the fish actively seek support among plants. After the process is complete, the parents should be removed, and the eggs are recommended to be treated with methylene blue to prevent fungal infection. Fry grow quickly with intensive feeding and reach about one centimeter in size by three weeks of age.

Diseases

No specific diseases for this species have been identified. Like other cyprinids, fish can be susceptible to typical aquarium fish diseases if living conditions are violated, water quality is poor, or stress is caused by improper selection of tank mates. Prevention involves maintaining stable water parameters and regular aquarium maintenance.

How to choose

When purchasing, choose active fish with clean fins and no visible damage, ulcers, or film on the body. It is recommended to avoid individuals with signs of emaciation, sluggish behavior, or an unnaturally bloated abdomen. Since this is a schooling species, a group of 6–8 individuals should be acquired to reduce stress levels.

Compatibility

There are no pair reviews for this species yet — check tankmates in the matcher.

All tankmates

Plants and this fish

Matching water does not mean the plant will stay intact.

Frequently asked questions

The essentials: size, tank volume, water parameters and care

How big does African barb get?

An adult reaches 5 cm in length. Plan the tank around the maximum size: the fish quickly outgrows a cramped setup.

What size aquarium does African barb need?

The recommended volume is 100 L. A smaller tank speeds up nitrate build-up and raises stress levels.

What water parameters does African barb need?

Temperature 24–28 °C, pH 6.5–7.5, hardness 5–15 dGH. Stability matters more than exact values: sudden swings are harder on the fish than a small deviation from the ideal.

How long does African barb live?

Around 3 years when kept properly. Lifespan depends directly on tank volume, water quality and a varied diet.

Is African barb aggressive?

Temperament: peaceful, calm/shy/inactive. Keep this in mind when choosing tank mates.

How many African barb should be kept together?

Recommended setup: medium group (6–8 individuals). Ignoring this is a common cause of stress and disease.

What does African barb eat?

Diet type: sinking (any). Feed small portions that are finished within a couple of minutes — overfeeding does more harm than underfeeding.

What is the scientific name of African barb?

The scientific name of the species is Enteromius pobeguini, family Cyprinids (Cyprinidae). It also appears in the literature as: Afropuntio pobeguini, Barbus mirei, Barbus pobeguini.

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Other scientific names and conservation status

Other scientific names
Afropuntio pobeguini, Barbus mirei, Barbus pobeguini, Hemigrammocapoeta mirei
Categories
Cyprinids
Conservation status
Least concernLC