Chuco godmanni

In the wild, these fish can reach 30 cm in length, but in the aquarium they typically grow to 25 cm. The body is tall and slightly compressed laterally. The caudal peduncle is elongated and ends in a small tail. The dorsal and anal fins are enlarged and clearly shifted toward the tail. Males are larger than females and have more intense coloration, while females are predominantly light beige and grey, with a blue sheen on the scales. Males become especially bright during breeding, developing a deep red colour with turquoise-tinged scales. With age, the fish develops a characteristic feature—a so-called "nuchal hump", a bump on the forehead. A large irregular black spot just behind the head marks the body pattern. Faint dark vertical markings are sometimes visible in the caudal region.

This species inhabits Central America as an endemic of the Polochic River basin in Guatemala. In nature it prefers tropical freshwater habitats with flowing water. The fish are primarily bottom-dwellers, staying in areas with rocky or sandy substrates where they find shelter among rocks and wood.

This species has a territorial and aggressive temperament. During breeding, their hostility increases significantly. Chuco godmanni actively protect their offspring and can injure other fish that venture too close. In the limited space of a home aquarium, they are poorly compatible with other species. Only conspecifics can be considered as tank mates, provided that each individual has room to claim its own territory.

A single fish requires a tank of at least 150 litres; two fish need over 350 litres. Each adult must have space to establish an individual territory on the bottom. Decor should mimic a mountain stream bed, with large rocks and boulders as the main elements; driftwood can also be used. Live plants are not usually added, as they are uprooted, damaged or eaten. Create several shelters in the form of caves or stone grottos where tank mates can hide from each other. These shelters become the centres of their territories and should be spaced apart in different areas of the tank. A strong current can be created with a high-output filter or a separate pump. A filter is preferable since it both cleans the water and creates flow. How strictly you must follow water chemistry depends on whether the fish comes from the wild or from a hatchery. Before buying, ask the supplier or seller about their keeping conditions and match the water chemistry as closely as possible in your aquarium.

These fish readily accept most common foods, whether dry, frozen or live. However, it is essential to regularly include plant matter in their diet, such as blanched vegetables (peas, spinach, Brussels sprouts) and spirulina flakes.

Breeding requires a spacious tank, as the fish are strongly territorial. Spawning occurs on flat rocks or in depressions dug into the substrate. The pair actively care for their brood, defending the eggs and fry against any threat. Frequent water changes and maintaining temperature in the upper range of acceptable values will stimulate spawning.

This species has a strong immune system if water is kept clean and nitrogen compound levels are low. They are sensitive to sudden fluctuations in water chemistry, which can cause stress and reduce resistance to infection. Prevention involves regular filtration, aeration and weekly partial water changes.

When selecting fish, check for clean skin and fins, and the absence of spots, sores or coating. A healthy fish shows activity, displays natural coloration and reacts appropriately to external stimuli. Avoid specimens showing signs of emaciation, sunken belly or abnormal behaviour such as prolonged hovering in the corner of the tank.