Poeciliidae

Lampeye Killifish

Micropanchax kingii

The scientific name Micropanchax kingii groups the Lampeye Killifish with the Poeciliidae family. This is a schooling fish of modest size, reaching only 3 cm in length. Although they may seem unremarkable individually, a group of these tiny, shimmering creatures can transform an aquarium, providing a magnificent spectacle.

Tank
from 80 L (21 gal)
Temperature
24 – 29 °C (75 – 84 °F)
Size in aquarium
3.5 cm (1.4 in)
Acidity
pH 6.5–7
Natural rangeRange on the map
  • Central Africa area
  • Cameroon
  • Chad
  • Nigeria
  • Sudan

Tank conditions

Plan the tank stocking
Temperature
24 – 29 °C (75 – 84 °F)
Water pH
Neutral (6.5) – Neutral (7)
Water dH
Soft (4) – Medium hardness (8)
Water salinity
no salt (freshwater)
Size in aquarium
3.5 cm (1.4 in)
Lifespan
3 years
Temperament
Peaceful (regular)
Toward small fish
not a predator
Required aquarium volume
from 80 L (21 gal)
Lighting
bright
Substrate
any, but dark
Water flow
weak or moderate
Feeding
Meat / protein live, frozen, fresh
Keeping
Schooling usually from 5–6 individuals and more
Jumping
noticeable a lid is needed
  • Lifespan. A lifespan to expect under good care, not a measured value: it depends heavily on tank volume, water quality and diet — and for selectively bred forms, on their origin as well.
  • Toward small fish. Based on the Predators category in the catalog or the temperament in the species parameters. “A risk to small fish” means the species is not a predator by habit, yet will swallow any fish that fits in its mouth.
  • Required aquarium volume. This is a husbandry recommendation, not a measured value: the volume depends on the keeping mode (schooling (usually from 5–6 individuals and more)), footprint, decor and tank mates.

Care and keeping

Description

The fish has an elongated and rather slender body, with a slightly flattened head, which positions the mouth high up. The fins, including the caudal fin, are rounded. The dorsal fin is set closer to the rear of the body. The coloration is usually subdued, varying from creamy to light brown hues, often with an iridescent sheen. A characteristic luminous spot on the upper part of the eyeball stands out particularly, becoming brightly visible under good lighting.

Habitat

This species is widely distributed throughout the aquatic systems of Central Africa, covering territories of modern states such as Chad, Cameroon, Sudan, and Nigeria. They can be found in lakes, marshy areas, and shallow river waters. Their diet primarily consists of insect larvae, various invertebrates, and small crustaceans.

Behavior and Compatibility

Lampeye killifish are schooling and peaceful fish; they should be kept in groups of at least 5–6 individuals. The larger the 'school,' the more comfortable the fish will feel, so it is recommended to acquire as many as possible. They coexist well with other small aquarium fish species. However, it should be remembered that any large inhabitants pose a potential threat to them.

Care and Maintenance

Despite the small size of these fish, the aquarium volume should not be less than 80 liters, providing sufficient swimming space. A key condition for successful keeping is maintaining high water quality, so effective filtration and regular partial water changes (approximately 25–30%) every 4–5 days are necessary. In addition to a filter, the minimum equipment set includes a heater, aerator, and lighting system. It is recommended to have a lid on the aquarium, as Lampeye Killifish can easily be startled by sudden noises, bumps, or abrupt turning on/off of lights, which can provoke panic and accidental jumping out of the water. Using a dark substrate in the decor helps to highlight the fish's light coloration. Dense plant thickets serve as important hiding places, which is especially relevant for such miniature inhabitants.

Diet

This species is carnivorous, representing small predators. In home conditions, they should be offered frozen or live foods, such as daphnia, cyclops, or brine shrimp. It is also acceptable to include finely chopped frozen products like fish, shrimp, or worms in their diet.

Breeding and Reproduction

Due to conflicting information regarding the breeding of this species in home conditions, beginners should not expect easy offspring from Lampeye Killifish. In nature, the reproduction process occurs by scattering eggs on fine-leaved aquatic vegetation. Fry hatch after 2–4 weeks, depending on environmental conditions, with water purity being critically important for their successful development.

Diseases

Under conditions where all keeping parameters are normal, health problems rarely arise. Nevertheless, the high demands for water quality mean that the risk of diseases, especially bacterial infections, should not be underestimated.

How to choose

When choosing Lampeye Killifish, preference should be given to active individuals with clean, transparent fins and no visible body damage. It is important to ensure that the fish show no signs of emaciation or skin lesions, as this species is sensitive to transport conditions and water quality. Healthy fish should exhibit schooling behavior and the characteristic eye sparkle, which is a species-specific trait. Since this species is rarely widely available, when purchasing, it is necessary to clarify the keeping conditions at the store and carefully inspect neighboring aquariums for the absence of infectious diseases. Avoid purchasing individuals that keep to themselves, appear sluggish, or show signs of bacterial lesions, as the adaptation of such fish to new conditions is extremely difficult.

Compatibility

There are no pair reviews for this species yet — check tankmates in the matcher.

All tankmates

Plants and this fish

Matching water does not mean the plant will stay intact.

Frequently asked questions

The essentials: size, tank volume, water parameters and care

How big does Lampeye Killifish get?

An adult reaches 3.5 cm in length. Plan the tank around the maximum size: the fish quickly outgrows a cramped setup.

What size aquarium does Lampeye Killifish need?

The recommended volume is 80 L. A smaller tank speeds up nitrate build-up and raises stress levels.

What water parameters does Lampeye Killifish need?

Temperature 24–29 °C, pH 6.5–7, hardness 4–8 dGH. Stability matters more than exact values: sudden swings are harder on the fish than a small deviation from the ideal.

How long does Lampeye Killifish live?

Around 3 years when kept properly. Lifespan depends directly on tank volume, water quality and a varied diet.

Is Lampeye Killifish aggressive?

Temperament: peaceful (regular). Keep this in mind when choosing tank mates.

How many Lampeye Killifish should be kept together?

Recommended setup: schooling (usually from 5–6 individuals and more). Ignoring this is a common cause of stress and disease.

What does Lampeye Killifish eat?

Diet type: meat / protein (live, frozen, fresh). Feed small portions that are finished within a couple of minutes — overfeeding does more harm than underfeeding.

What is the scientific name of Lampeye Killifish?

The scientific name of the species is Micropanchax kingii, family Poeciliidae. It also appears in the literature as: Haplochilichthys bukobanus, Haplochilichthys kingi, Haplochilus kingii.

Similar fishes

Matched by family, categories and overlapping keeping conditions

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Other scientific names and conservation status

Other scientific names
Haplochilichthys bukobanus, Haplochilichthys kingi, Haplochilus kingii
Micropanchax kingii
formerly Aplocheilichthys kingii
Categories
Killifish