Ten-spot Distichodus

In their natural habitat, the size of these fish rarely exceeds 7 cm in length, but when kept in an aquarium, they can grow larger. Their body coloration is usually gray or silver. As the name suggests, a characteristic feature of their pattern is ten dark spots located along the entire body. Additionally, another spot can be observed at the base of the dorsal fin. Sexual dimorphism in this species is weakly expressed: males and females are practically indistinguishable, although females are sometimes slightly larger.

The species inhabits the central part of the Congo River basin in Africa. In nature, it populates sections of rivers with slow or stagnant currents, preferring coastal zones densely overgrown with aquatic vegetation. The water in its habitats is characterized by moderate hardness and a neutral or slightly acidic pH level.

This is a peaceful schooling species that needs to be kept in a group of 8–10 individuals. They coexist easily with other fish of comparable size and peaceful temperament.

For a small shoal, the optimal aquarium volume starts from 150–200 liters. In the aquascape, it is important to provide various shelters, using both natural elements (stones, snags) and artificial decorations. Since Distichodus decemmaculatus mainly feeds on aquatic plants, it is advisable to choose unpretentious hard-leaved species for decoration, such as Vallisneria, Anubias, or Java fern. This species is considered easy to keep: the fish adapts well to various conditions and can tolerate a wide range of hydrochemical parameters. Maintaining stable pH and dGH values, as well as preventing the accumulation of organic waste (e.g., food remnants and excrement), is of key importance.

Despite the fact that Distichodus decemmaculatus belongs to herbivorous species, it cannot be called exclusively vegetarian. Its diet should include protein food in small quantities. You can combine universal dry foods with vegetable additives or choose specialized products developed for fish with similar dietary needs.

There are no confirmed cases of breeding in a home aquarium. In the wild Distichodus spawn during the rainy season on the floodplains. In aquaria spawning is sometimes coaxed with large water changes using cooler water to imitate the arrival of the flood, but this has not produced a reliable result. No external sexual differences have been described.

No specific species-specific diseases have been identified. Like other members of the family, the fish is sensitive to water quality and nitrate levels. If the keeping conditions are violated, especially when kept alone or under stress, the fish become susceptible to infectious and parasitic diseases characteristic of most tropical freshwater fish.

When purchasing, choose active individuals with clear fins and no visible damage to their scales. It is important to pay attention to the behavior of the fish in the store: healthy specimens stay in a school and show interest in food. Avoid individuals with signs of emaciation, sunken bellies, or apathetic behavior, as this species can be sensitive to transportation and changes in conditions.