Cyprinids (Cyprinidae)

Black Labeo

Labeo chrysophekadion

Labeo chrysophekadion, also known as the Black Labeo, belongs to the family Cyprinidae. Due to its impressive size and complex temperament, this species is quite demanding and not recommended for aquarium beginners.

Tank
from 500 L (132 gal)
Temperature
20 – 26 °C (68 – 79 °F)
Size in aquarium
50 – 60 cm (20 – 24 in)
Acidity
pH 6–8
Natural rangeRange on the map
  • Borneo area
  • Java area
  • Cambodia
  • Indonesia
  • Laos
  • Malaysia
  • Myanmar
  • Thailand
  • Vietnam

Tank conditions

Plan the tank stocking
Temperature
20 – 26 °C (68 – 79 °F)
Water pH
Slightly acidic (6) – Slightly alkaline (8)
Water dH
Very soft (2) – Hard (14)
Water salinity
no salt (freshwater)
Size in aquarium
50 – 60 cm (20 – 24 in)
Lifespan
10 years
Temperament
Territorial often aggressive
Toward small fish
not a predator
Required aquarium volume
from 500 L (132 gal)
Lighting
any
Substrate
any (no restrictions)
Water flow
weak or moderate
Swimming level
middle level
Feeding
Plant-based algae, vegetables
Keeping
Solitary
Jumping
low
  • Lifespan. A lifespan to expect under good care, not a measured value: it depends heavily on tank volume, water quality and diet — and for selectively bred forms, on their origin as well.
  • Toward small fish. Based on the Predators category in the catalog or the temperament in the species parameters. “A risk to small fish” means the species is not a predator by habit, yet will swallow any fish that fits in its mouth.
  • Required aquarium volume. This is a husbandry recommendation, not a measured value: the volume depends on the keeping mode (solitary), footprint, decor and tank mates.

Care and keeping

Description

Adult Black Labeo can grow up to 50–60 cm in length. They are characterized by a robust build, with a noticeably elevated back and large fins. Their coloration is typically uniform—black or dark gray. An albino form, bred artificially, also exists.

Habitat

The natural habitat of this fish covers vast territories of Southeast Asia. It is found in large river systems such as the Mekong and Chao Phraya, flowing through Laos, Thailand, Cambodia, and Vietnam, as well as on the islands of Borneo and Java. It prefers deep-water sections of these rivers.

Behavior and Compatibility

This species exhibits pronounced territorial behavior, which can escalate into aggression in the confined space of an aquarium. Compatibility with other species is only possible in spacious aquariums and provided that tank mates are comparable in size.

Care and Maintenance

For keeping a pair of these fish, an aquarium with a volume of several hundred liters is required. In limited space, the Black Labeo may show aggression towards other inhabitants. For young individuals, it is advisable to provide shelters in the form of grottoes or caves. Adult fish are less demanding regarding decor elements and can feel comfortable even in an almost empty tank. The overall aquarium design is at the discretion of the aquarist. It is worth remembering that large fish produce a lot of waste, so the filtration system must be high-performance, consisting of at least a powerful external filter. In addition, a weekly water change of 50–70% of the volume with fresh water and enhanced aeration are mandatory.

Diet

In nature, their diet consists mainly of algae, aquatic vegetation, as well as insect larvae, small crustaceans, and other invertebrates living on them. In a home aquarium, it is important to provide food rich in both protein and plant components. Sliced cucumbers, zucchini, spinach, and other green vegetables and fruits can be a good addition to the main diet.

Breeding and Reproduction

In natural conditions, the reproduction of the Black Labeo is associated with the onset of the rainy season, when the fish migrate upstream. Spawning occurs in the headwaters, and the hatched fry move into the flooded coastal zones as the water level rises, finding shelter and food there. Breeding these fish in a home aquarium presents significant difficulties due to the need for precise recreation of natural environmental changes. In commercial fish farms, the breeding process is usually stimulated by hormonal preparations.

Diseases

The Black Labeo is a hardy and robust fish. Diseases rarely occur if living conditions are optimal and nutrition is balanced. However, if water parameters deteriorate, injuries occur, or other negative factors affect them, the immune system can weaken, increasing the risk of infections.

How to choose

When purchasing, select active and agile individuals with clean scales without visible damage, ulcers, or spots. It is important to assess the condition of the fins: they should be intact, without signs of splitting or film. Avoid fish with sluggish behavior that stay near the surface or appear emaciated. Since the species is territorial, observe the interaction of individuals in the general aquarium at the store to avoid purchasing injured fish with signs of aggression from tank mates.

Compatibility

There are no pair reviews for this species yet — check tankmates in the matcher.

All tankmates

Plants and this fish

Matching water does not mean the plant will stay intact.

Frequently asked questions

The essentials: size, tank volume, water parameters and care

How big does Black Labeo get?

An adult reaches 50–60 cm in length. Plan the tank around the maximum size: the fish quickly outgrows a cramped setup.

What size aquarium does Black Labeo need?

The recommended volume is 500 L. A smaller tank speeds up nitrate build-up and raises stress levels.

What water parameters does Black Labeo need?

Temperature 20–26 °C, pH 6–8, hardness 2–14 dGH. Stability matters more than exact values: sudden swings are harder on the fish than a small deviation from the ideal.

How long does Black Labeo live?

Around 10 years when kept properly. Lifespan depends directly on tank volume, water quality and a varied diet.

Is Black Labeo aggressive?

Temperament: territorial (often aggressive). Keep this in mind when choosing tank mates.

How many Black Labeo should be kept together?

Recommended setup: solitary. Ignoring this is a common cause of stress and disease.

What does Black Labeo eat?

Diet type: plant-based (algae, vegetables). Feed small portions that are finished within a couple of minutes — overfeeding does more harm than underfeeding.

What is the scientific name of Black Labeo?

The scientific name of the species is Labeo chrysophekadion, family Cyprinids (Cyprinidae). It also appears in the literature as: Chrysophekadion polyporos, Labeo crysophekadon, Morulius chrysophekadian.

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Other scientific names and conservation status

Other scientific names
Chrysophekadion polyporos, Labeo crysophekadon, Morulius chrysophekadian, Morulius chrysophekadion, Morulius pectoralis, Rohita chrysophekadion
Categories
Cyprinids, Giants
Conservation status
Least concernLC