Cyprinids (Cyprinidae)

Glass Knifefish Barb

Parachela oxygastroides

Parachela oxygastroides, also known as the glass knifefish barb, is a member of the carp family (Cyprinidae). Its natural range covers areas of Southeast Asia, including Indochina, Thailand, as well as the islands of Borneo and Java. These fish inhabit diverse aquatic environments: rivers, lakes, and swamps. During the rainy season, they can be found in flooded areas of tropical forests and even in rice paddies, which are part of agricultural lands.

Tank
from 300 L (79 gal)
Temperature
22 – 26 °C (72 – 79 °F)
Size in aquarium
20 cm (7.9 in)
Acidity
pH 6.3–7.5
Natural rangeRange on the map
  • Malay Peninsula area
  • Sumatra area
  • Brunei Darsm
  • Cambodia
  • Indonesia
  • Laos
  • Malaysia
  • Singapore
  • Thailand
  • Vietnam

Tank conditions

Plan the tank stocking
Temperature
22 – 26 °C (72 – 79 °F)
Water pH
Slightly acidic (6.3) – Neutral (7.5)
Water dH
Soft (5) – Hard (15)
Water salinity
no salt (freshwater)
Size in aquarium
20 cm (7.9 in)
Lifespan
4 years
Temperament
Peaceful (regular)
Toward small fish
not a predator
Required aquarium volume
from 300 L (79 gal)
Lighting
dimmed or moderate
Substrate
any (no restrictions)
Water flow
weak or moderate
Feeding
Any (universal)
Keeping
Mixed solitary / pair / group
  • Lifespan. A lifespan to expect under good care, not a measured value: it depends heavily on tank volume, water quality and diet — and for selectively bred forms, on their origin as well.
  • Toward small fish. Based on the Predators category in the catalog or the temperament in the species parameters. “A risk to small fish” means the species is not a predator by habit, yet will swallow any fish that fits in its mouth.
  • Required aquarium volume. This is a husbandry recommendation, not a measured value: the volume depends on the keeping mode (mixed (solitary / pair / group)), footprint, decor and tank mates.

Care and keeping

Description

Adults of this species can grow to approximately 20 centimeters in length. The name “glass” is given to the fish for a reason: it refers to a characteristic feature of its coloration. Young fish have an almost transparent body, which allows their skeleton and internal organs to be easily seen. However, with age, this translucency gives way to a uniform gray coloration, often with a noticeable bluish tint and a golden back.

Habitat

The species is widespread in Southeast Asia, including the Mekong and Chao Phraya river basins, as well as on the Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, and Borneo. It inhabits rivers with slow to moderate currents, canals, and flooded forest areas. It prefers to stay in the middle and upper water layers, avoiding dense thickets, as it is an active swimmer that needs free space.

Behavior and Compatibility

These fish are distinguished by their peaceful nature and prefer to stay in schools with their own kind or in the company of other fish species that are suitable in size and can coexist under similar conditions.

Care and Maintenance

Keeping this fish does not present special requirements, as it successfully adapts to a wide range of conditions. Nevertheless, for maximum comfort, soft and slightly acidic water is recommended. In terms of diet, the glass knifefish barb is omnivorous and consumes any food that fits into its mouth. Dry foods, such as flakes and pellets, will be an optimal choice. Aquarium decoration also does not play a key role; however, creating shelters from dense plant thickets and driftwood will be beneficial for these fish.

Diet

In its natural environment, it feeds primarily on small insects falling onto the water surface, as well as zooplankton. In aquarium conditions, it accepts a variety of high-quality dry foods in the form of flakes or pellets suitable for surface-feeding fish. It is recommended to supplement the diet with live or frozen foods, such as Daphnia, Artemia, or small insect larvae.

Breeding and Reproduction

There is no information on aquarium breeding. The fish keeps to shoals near the surface and, like other cyprinids of similar build, spawns in open water without caring for its offspring. No external sexual differences have been described; the species reaches the trade as wild-caught stock.

Diseases

The species is sensitive to water quality and dissolved oxygen levels. If husbandry conditions are violated, such as the accumulation of organic waste or sharp fluctuations in parameters, the fish become susceptible to bacterial infections and the development of fin rot. Prevention includes regular water changes, effective filtration, and maintaining a stable hydrochemical regime.

How to choose

When purchasing, choose active, mobile individuals without visible damage to scales or fins. It is important to pay attention to the integrity of the transparent body: the presence of cloudy spots, ulcers, or redness indicates poor health. The fish should show interest in food and not have signs of emaciation. Since the species is schooling, it is recommended to acquire a group of 6-8 individuals to reduce stress levels.

Compatibility

There are no pair reviews for this species yet — check tankmates in the matcher.

All tankmates

Plants and this fish

Matching water does not mean the plant will stay intact.

Frequently asked questions

The essentials: size, tank volume, water parameters and care

How big does Glass Knifefish Barb get?

An adult reaches 20 cm in length. Plan the tank around the maximum size: the fish quickly outgrows a cramped setup.

What size aquarium does Glass Knifefish Barb need?

The recommended volume is 300 L. A smaller tank speeds up nitrate build-up and raises stress levels.

What water parameters does Glass Knifefish Barb need?

Temperature 22–26 °C, pH 6.3–7.5, hardness 5–15 dGH. Stability matters more than exact values: sudden swings are harder on the fish than a small deviation from the ideal.

How long does Glass Knifefish Barb live?

Around 4 years when kept properly. Lifespan depends directly on tank volume, water quality and a varied diet.

Is Glass Knifefish Barb aggressive?

Temperament: peaceful (regular). Keep this in mind when choosing tank mates.

How many Glass Knifefish Barb should be kept together?

Recommended setup: mixed (solitary / pair / group). Ignoring this is a common cause of stress and disease.

What does Glass Knifefish Barb eat?

Diet type: any (universal). Feed small portions that are finished within a couple of minutes — overfeeding does more harm than underfeeding.

What is the scientific name of Glass Knifefish Barb?

The scientific name of the species is Parachela oxygastroides, family Cyprinids (Cyprinidae). It also appears in the literature as: Chela johorensis, Chela megalolepis, Chela oxygastroides.

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Other scientific names and conservation status

Other scientific names
Chela johorensis, Chela megalolepis, Chela oxygastroides, Leuciscus oxygastroides, Oxygaster johorensis, Oxygaster oxygastroides
Categories
Cyprinids
Conservation status
Least concernLC