Alismataceae

Helanthium tenellum 'parvulum'

Helanthium tenellum

A variety of:Pygmy Chain Sword

A light green form of the slender sword plant, probably imported from North America; decades ago it was the form commonly sold under the name Echinodorus tenellus.
Light
low
Difficulty
medium
Height
5 – 15 cm (2 – 5.9 in)
Temperature
10 – 35 °C (50 – 95 °F)
Native rangeRange on the map
  • Alabama
  • Argentina Northeast
  • Arkansas
  • Bolivia
  • Brazil Northeast
  • Brazil North
  • Brazil Southeast
  • Brazil South
  • Brazil West-Central
  • Colombia
  • Connecticut
  • Costa Rica
  • Cuba
  • Delaware
  • Dominican Republic
  • Ecuador
  • El Salvador
  • Florida
  • Georgia
  • Guatemala
  • Guyana
  • Haiti
  • Honduras
  • Illinois
  • Jamaica
  • Kansas
  • Kentucky
  • Louisiana
  • Massachusetts
  • Mexico Gulf
  • Mexico Southeast
  • Mississippi
  • Missouri
  • New Jersey
  • New York
  • Nicaragua
  • North Carolina
  • Oklahoma
  • Panamá
  • Paraguay
  • South Carolina
  • Suriname
  • Texas
  • Venezuela
  • Virginia

Tank conditions

Leaf colour
green, red
Plant type
rosette
Growth rate
fast
CO₂ demand
low
Tolerates light
medium – high
pH
5 – 7
Carbonate hardness
0 – 14 °dKH
General hardness
0 – 30 °dGH
Placement
nano tank, foreground +1 nano tank, foreground, carpet
Propagation
runners
Grows emersed
yes

Care and keeping

Appearance

In the hobby known as a light green form of Helanthium tenellum (Echinodorus tenellus); probably imported from North America. Newer molecular data suggest the North American type may be regarded as a separate species, Helanthium parvulum. Two forms are in cultivation: one, with narrower leaves, grew in a botanical garden from the 1950s to the 2000s and was common in the countries of the former Eastern Bloc, now nearly lost; the other — with leaves wider than 2 mm and up to 10 cm tall — was common in Western Europe and is now making a comeback as Helanthium parvulum '2' and H. tenellum 'Broad Leaf', including from tissue culture.

Keeping

Difficulty medium, growth medium, light medium to strong, CO₂ 20–40 mg/l, temperature 18–26 °C. Forms a lawn, propagates by runners.

Placement

Nano aquarium, foreground in a group and as a carpet.

Trade names

Decades ago this very form was sold under the name Echinodorus tenellus — until the current H. tenellum, with olive-green to reddish, very narrow underwater leaves (probably from the tropics of South America), appeared on the market. In recent years the broad-leaved form has been mistakenly sold as 'Ranalisma rostrata'; the true R. rostrata from Southeast Asia looks very similar underwater but is clearly different once it flowers above water.

Fish and this plant

Matching water does not mean the fish will leave the plant alone.

Scientific and other names, conservation status

Other scientific names
Echinodorus parvulus Engelm., Helanthium parvulum (Engelm.) Small, Echinodorus tenellus, nordamerikanische Form, ? tenellum, Alisma ranunculoides brasiliense, Alisma tenellum, Echinodorus parvulus, Echinodorus parvulus randii, Echinodorus subulatus, Echinodorus tenellus randii, Echinodorus tenellus ecostatus, Echinodorus tenellus parvulus, Echinodorus tenellus tenellus, Helanthium parvulum, Helanthium tenellum, Helanthium tenellus, Helianthium parvulum, Helianthium tenellum, Sagittaria tenella
Helanthium tenellum
(Mart. ex Schult. f.) J. G. Sm.